Average Cat Lifespan and Factors Affecting Life Expectancy
Admin / 22 – November – 2024 – Average Cat Lifespan and Factors Affecting Life Expectancy
Cats are one of the most popular pets in the world. According to scientific studies, the average lifespan of a domestic cat ranges from 10 to 15 years,[1] although some cats can live longer, even up to more than 20 years.
A cat’s lifespan is greatly influenced by its living environment, whether they live as indoor cats or feral cats. As pet parents, we always hope that our beloved cats will live a long and healthy life.
So what are the factors that affect a cat’s life expectancy besides the environment? Here are the facts you need to know.
History of Cat Domestication
The process of cat domestication began around 9,000 years ago in the Middle East.[2] The early ancestors of today’s domestic cats spread from southwest Asia to Europe around 4400 BC. Feral cats were first attracted to human communities by the presence of food such as grains and rodents around settlements.
Over time, humans and cats developed a mutually beneficial relationship. Cats became pets that guarded homes from rodents, while humans provided food and protection.”[3]
This domestication process not only changed the cats’ behavior but also extended their life expectancy compared to their wild relatives, who on average lived only 2-5 years[4] due to the threat of being hit by vehicles, injured by other animals, accidentally eating poison while searching for food, and exposure to mold, parasites or viruses.
How Breed Affects Cat Lifespan
Cat breeds also play an important role in determining life expectancy. According to New Scientist, some breeds, such as Siamese and Burmese, are known to live longer, up to 11-15 years,[5] compared to other breeds.
On the other hand, brachycephalic (flat-faced) cats, such as Persians, often face congenital health problems that can affect their lifespan. In addition, mixed-breed (domestic) cats generally have more diverse genetics that make them more resistant to disease, giving them an advantage in terms of longevity over purebred cats.
Cat Nutrition and Cat Life Expectancy
A good diet is essential for a cat’s health and longevity. Providing cats with food that meets their nutritional needs, such as high-quality protein, vitamins and minerals, can help prevent many health problems.
Cats that have nutritional imbalances tend to be more prone to diseases such as obesity, diabetes or kidney problems. A balanced diet, on the other hand, can maintain an ideal body weight and support optimal organ function. Be sure to provide fresh water as well, as dehydration can have a serious impact on a cat’s health.
Cat Health and Lifespan
Regular health checks are key to ensuring your cat stays healthy. Vaccinations, parasite treatments and annual wellness checks can help detect problems early.
Chronic diseases such as kidney problems or diabetes are more common in older cats, but early diagnosis and treatment can extend their lives. In addition, sterilization (spay/neuter) has also been shown to increase a cat’s life expectancy,[6] as it reduces the risk of reproductive diseases and aggressive behavior that can lead to injury.
Cat Lifestyle and Lifespan
A safe and stress-free living environment is another important factor. Cats that live indoors tend to live longer because they are protected from dangers such as traffic, predators, or infectious diseases from other animals. However, indoor cats need mental and physical stimulation, such as toys or playtime with their owners, to avoid stress or obesity.
On the other hand, feral cats face more risks, but if given access to a safe place, such as a fenced garden, they can also enjoy a balance between exploration and safety.
The World’s Longest-Lived Cat
One of the cats that broke the Guinness World Records longevity record is Crème Puff,[7] a cat from Texas, USA, who lived to be 38 years and 3 days old. Crème Puff broke the world record and is a clear example that care, nutrition and affection from owners can contribute to a cat’s longevity. While not all cats can reach that age, this story inspires cat owners to always give their pets the best.
The average lifespan of a cat is influenced by many factors, including domestication history, breed, diet, health and lifestyle. In Indonesia alone, the average life expectancy of cats is 5.3 years according to an internal Vet Visitation Research study in 2023 across seven regions including Bali and Eastern Indonesia.[8]
As an owner, ensuring your cat’s nutritional needs, health and a safe living environment is the best way to give them a long, quality life. With responsible cat ownership that includes neutering and improving their quality of life, your beloved cat can be a loyal companion for many years. 🐱